Many archaeological relics dating back to Roman times have also been found and include lions made from ancient stone, Byzantine frescoes, tables and marble reliefs etc. Nevertheless, the period of greatest development was between the XVII and XVII centuries.

The churches and buildings which make up the actual historical centre date from this time. The bell tower of the church of S. Maria Maggiore represents the central point of Maratea.

Being a transit point, Maratea has always maintained a certain status due to its geographical position and has seen conquerers come and go, including the Normans, Angiovini and Spanish. Even pirates were kept well away thanks to its narrow position, seven look-out towers and castle on the mountain.

A famous legend from 1400 tells the tale of the inhabitants of Maratea defeating a night attack by the troops of Charles VIII thanks to the divine intervention of San Biagio.

The Saint supposedly woke the guards at Maratea Superiore by slapping them, then sounded the bell to warn the rest of the population of the danger. Over the years the town became an important trading port within easy reach of Salerno and Napoli. It is also said that the best sixteenth century Neapolitan cheese stores were owned by people from Maratea.

With unification of Italy, Maratea became a renowned centre of cultural education where young students of surrounding cities would come to learn. During the last century the town became the premier resort spot in Basilicata and very little has changed since the 1960's.